Xenon (Xe)

Stable isotopes of xenon available from ISOFLEX

Isotope Z(p) N(n) Atomic Mass Natural Abundance Enrichment Level Chemical Form
Xe-124  54  70  123.905895 0.10%  99.90%  Gas
Xe-126  54  72  125.904268 0.09%  99.90%  Gas
Xe-128  54  74  127.903531 1.91%  99.90%  Gas
Xe-129  54  75  128.9047780 26.40%  99.90%  Gas
Xe-130  54  76  129.903509 4.10%  99.90%  Gas
Xe-131  54  77  130.905083 21.20%  99.90%  Gas
Xe-132  54  78  131.904155 26.90% 99.90%  Gas
Xe-134  54  80  133.905395 10.40%  99.90% Gas
Xe-136  54  82  135.90722 8.90%  99.90%  Gas

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Xe

Xenon was discovered in 1898 by Sir William Ramsay and Morris W. Travers. Its name derives from the Greek word xenos, meaning “stranger.”

Xenon is a filling gas for light bulbs in high-intensity lamps and in flash lamps for photography. It forms a beautiful blue glow under vacuum in electric discharge tubes. It can also be used as an anesthetic gas in surgery. Radioactive xenon is used as a biological tracer.

Properties of Xenon

Name Xenon 
Symbol Xe 
Atomic number 54 
Atomic weight 131.29 
Standard state Gas at 298 ºK
CAS Registry ID 7440-63-3 
Group in periodic table 18 
Group name Noble gas 
Period in periodic table 5 
Block in periodic table p-block 
Color Colorless 
Classification Nonmetallic 

Freezing point

 -111.75 ºC

Liquefication point

 -108.4 ºC
Melting point -111.7 °C
Boiling point -108 °C
Thermal conductivity 0.00565 (gas) W/(m·K)
Electronegativity 2.6  
Heat of vaporization 12.64 kJ·mol-1
Heat of fusion 2.30 kJ·mol-1
Density of gas 0.0059 g/cm3
Density of liquid 3.06 g/cm3 at -108 °C
Electron configuration [Kr]4d105s25p6 
Atomic radius  1.31 Å 
Oxidation state  Usually 0, but known to form compounds with fluorine and oxygen 
Critical pressure 57.64 atm
Critical temperature 16.06 ºC
Critical volume 118 cm3/mol